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посчитайте даю 75 поинтовIdentifying informationRead the following text and answer the questions that follow. The world the box madeOn April 26, 1956, a crane lifted fifty-eight aluminum truck bodies aboard an ageing tanker ship moored in Newark, New Jersey, USA. Five days later, the Ideal-X sailed into Houston, where fifty-eight trucks waited to take on the metal boxes and haul them to their destinations. Such was the beginning of a revolution. Decades later, when enormous trailer trucks hauling nothing but stacks of boxes rumble through the night, it is hard to fathom just how much the container has changed the world. In 1956, China was not the world’s workshop. It was not routine for shoppers to find Brazilian shoes and Mexican vacuum cleaners in stores in the middle of Kansas. Japanese families did not eat beef from Wyoming, and French clothing designers did not have their clothes sewn in Vietnam. Before the container, transporting goods was so expensive that it did not pay to ship many thins halfway around the world. What is it about the container that is so important? Surely not the thing itself - an remote parking lot for containers, their ships cranes finished moving the gaint boxes off and on the ships. Even as it helped destroy the old economy, the container helped build a new one. Sleepy harbours such as Pusan and Seattle moved into the front ranks of the world’s ports and massive new ports were built in places like Felixstowe in the UK and Tanjung Pelepas in Malaysia, where none had been before. Small towns with cheap land and low wages enticed factories aluminum or steel box with two enormous doors at one end. The value of this utilitarian object lies not in what it is, but in how it is used. The container is at the core of a highly automated system for moving goods from anywhere with a minimum of cost and complication. The container made shipping cheap and by doing so changed the shape of the world economy. The thousand of ill-paid workers who once made their livings loading and unloading ships in every port are no more, their tight-knit waterfront communities now just memories. Cities that had been centres of maritime commerce for centuries, such as New York and Liverpool, saw their waterfronts decline with startling speed. At the same time, the manufactures located near them for convenience moved away. Venerable ship lines were crushed by the enormous cost of adapting to container shipping. Merchant mariners, who had shipped out to see the world, had their shore leave reduced to a few hours ashore in a away from the old harbours. Sprawling industrial complexes employing thousands to manufacture products from start to finish gave way to smaller, more specialized plants that shipped half-finished goods to one another in ever-lengthening supply chains. Poor countries could realistically dream of becoming suppliers to wealthy countries far away. Huge industrial complexes mushroomed in places like Los Angeles and Hong Kong only because the cost of bringing raw materials in and sending finished goods out had dropped like a stone. Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage?Write:TRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on thisIn the mid-1950s, the transportation of metal containers using vessels and heavy vehicles was common. Containers, like many other goods, are made in China. The container enabled trade in goods that were previously too expensive to sell in distant countries. The value of the container lies in its efficient structure. The container allowed the continuing employment of armies of waterside workers. Sailors hoping to visit exotic locations found that this did not happen in the way they expected. Singapore, like other Asian ports, expanded from a sleepy harbour to a massive new port. There was considerable downsizing of factories, as supply chains altered in size. Los Angeles and Hong Kong are given as examples of industrial complexes with mushrooming costs.

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